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1) What is Automation Testing?
Automation testing or Test Automation is a process of automating the manual process to test the application/system under test. Automation testing involves the use of a separate testing tool which lets you create test scripts which can be executed repeatedly and doesn’t
Related Information: About Selenium Test Automation
2) What are the benefits of Automation Testing?
Benefits of Automation testing are:
- Supports execution of repeated test cases
- Aids in testing a large test matrix
- Enables parallel execution
- Encourages unattended execution
- Improves accuracy thereby reducing human-generated errors
- Saves time and money
3) Why should Selenium be selected as a test tool?
Selenium
- is a free and open source
- have a large user base and helping communities
- have cross Browser compatibility (Firefox, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Safari etc.)
- has great platform compatibility (Windows, Mac OS, Linux etc.)
- supports multiple programming languages (Java, C#, Ruby, Python, Pearl etc.)
- has fresh and regular repository developments
- supports distributed testing
4) What is Selenium? What are the different Selenium components?
Selenium is one of the most popular automated testing suites. Selenium is designed in a way to support and encourage automation testing of functional aspects of web-based applications and a wide range of browsers and platforms. Due to its existence in the open source community, it has become one of the most accepted tools among-est the testing professionals.
Selenium is not just a single tool or a utility, rather a package of several testing tools and for the same reason, it is referred to as a Suite. Each of these tools is designed to cater different testing and test environment requirements.
Related Information: What is Selenium?
The suite package constitutes the following sets of tools:
- Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) – Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool. It is distributed as a Firefox Plugin.
- Selenium Remote Control (RC) – Selenium RC is a server that allows a user to create test scripts in the desired programming language. It also allows executing test scripts within the large spectrum of browsers.
- Selenium WebDriver – WebDriver is a different tool altogether that has various advantages over Selenium RC. WebDriver directly communicates with the web browser and uses its native compatibility to automate.
- Selenium Grid – Selenium Grid is used to distribute your test execution on multiple platforms and environments concurrently.
Related content: Selenium IDE, RC, and WebDriver
5) What are the testing types that can be supported by Selenium?
Selenium supports the following types of testing:
- Functional Testing
- Regression Testing
6) What are the limitations of Selenium?
Following are the limitations of Selenium:
- Selenium supports testing of only web-based applications
- Mobile applications cannot be tested using Selenium
- Captcha and Bar code readers cannot be tested using Selenium
- Reports can only be generated using third-party tools like Testing or J Unit.
- As Selenium is a free tool, thus there is no ready vendor support through the user can find numerous helping communities.
7) When should I use Selenium IDE?
Selenium IDE is the simplest and easiest of all the tools within the Selenium Package. Its record and playback feature makes it exceptionally easy to learn with minimal acquaintances to any programming language. Selenium IDE is an ideal tool for a native user.
8) What is Selenese?
Selenese is the language which is used to write test scripts in Selenium IDE.
9) What are the different types of locators in Selenium?
The locator can be termed as an address that identifies a web element uniquely within the webpage. Thus, to identify web elements accurately and precisely we have different types of locators in Selenium
- ID
- ClassName
- Name
- TagName
- LinkText
- PartialLinkText
- Xpath
- CSS Selector
- DOM
10) What is the difference between assert and verify commands?
Assert: Assert command checks whether the given condition is true or false. Let’s say we assert whether the given element is present on the web page or not. If the condition is true then the program control will execute the next test step but if the condition is false, the execution would stop and no further test would be executed.
Verify: Verify command also checks whether the given condition is true or false. Irrespective of the condition being true or false, the program execution doesn’t halt i.e. any failure during verification would not stop the execution and all the test steps would be executed.
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11) What is an XPath?
XPath is used to locate a web element based on its XML path. XML stands for Extensible Markup Language and is used to store, organize and transport arbitrary data. It stores data in a key-value pair which is very much similar to HTML tags. Both being markup languages and since they fall under the same umbrella, XPath can be used to locate HTML elements.
The fundamental behind locating elements using XPath is the traversing between various elements across the entire page and thus enabling a user to find an element with the reference of another element.
Related article - What is Xpath in Selenium?
12) What is the difference between “/” and “//” in Xpath?
Single Slash “/” – Single slash is used to create Xpath with absolute path i.e. the xpath would be created to start selection from the document node/start node.
Double Slash “//” – Double slash is used to create Xpath with relative path i.e. the xpath would be created to start selection from anywhere within the document.
13) When should I use Selenium Grid?
Selenium Grid can be used to execute same or different test scripts on multiple platforms and browsers concurrently so as to achieve distributed test execution, testing under different environments and saving execution time remarkably.
Learn more at Configure Selenium Grid using Docker
14) What do we mean by Selenium 1 and Selenium 2?
Selenium RC and WebDriver, in a combination, are popularly known as Selenium 2. Selenium RC alone is also referred to as Selenium 1
15) Which is the latest Selenium tool?
WebDriver
16) How do I launch the browser using WebDriver?
The following syntax can be used to launch Browser:WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();Driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
17) What are the different types of Drivers available in WebDriver?
The different drivers available in Selenium WebDriver are:
- FirefoxDriver
- InternetExplorerDriver
- ChromeDriver
- SafariDriver
- OperaDriver
- AndroidDriver
- IPhoneDriver
- HtmlUnitDriver
18) Can Selenium handle windows based pop up?
Selenium is an automation testing tool which supports only web application testing. Therefore, windows pop up cannot be handled using Selenium.
19) How can we handle windows based pop up?
Selenium is an automation testing tool which supports only web application testing, that means, it doesn’t support testing of windows based applications. However Selenium alone can’t help the situation but along with some third-party intervention, this problem can be overcome. There are several third-party tools available for handling window based pop-ups along with the selenium like AutoIT, Robot class etc.
20) How to assert the title of the web page?
//verify the title of the web pageassertTrue(“The title of the window is incorrect.”,driver.getTitle().equals(“Title of the page”));
21) How to mouse hover on a web element using WebDriver?
WebDriver offers a wide range of interaction utilities that the user can exploit to automate mouse and keyboard events. Action Interface is one such utility which simulates the single user interactions.
Thus, In the following scenario, we have used Action Interface to mouse hover on a drop down which then opens a list of options.
Sample Code:
1 // Instantiating Action Interface
2 Actions actions=new Actions(driver);
3 // howering on the dropdown
4 actions.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.id("id of the dropdown"))).perform();
5 // Clicking on one of the items in the list options
6 WebElement subLinkOption=driver.findElement(By.id("id of the sub link"));
7 subLinkOption.click();
22) What is Junit?
Junit is a unit testing framework introduced by Apache. Junit is basically depends on Java.
23) What is a framework?
The framework is a constructive blend of various guidelines, coding standards, concepts, processes, practices, project hierarchies, modularity, reporting mechanism, test data injections etc. to pillar automation testing.
Learn in depth about Selenium Automation Framework
24) How can I read test data from excels?
Test data can efficiently be read from excel using JXL or POI API.
25) Can WebDriver test Mobile applications?
WebDriver cannot test Mobile applications. WebDriver is a web-based testing tool, therefore applications on the mobile browsers can be tested.
26) Can captcha be automated?
No, captcha and bar code reader cannot be automated.