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1. What is the difference between a role and a profile?
Profiles are both features that can be added to a user best in Salesforce. Roles are optionally added while Profiles are a basic condition of setting up a user.
Profiles help to control object privileges such as CRED (Create, Read, Edit, and Delete). They also contain system approvals that a user can carry out such as exporting data.
Roles on the other hand help with sharing archives across an organization. They work in a categorized fashion, giving users access to records that are owned by people lower down in the grading.
2. Can you name three types of object relationships available in Salesforce?
There are three main relationship types in Salesforce…
- A look up relationship can be used to link two objects together. It is the most basic type of affiliation that creates a child-parent affiliation between two objects.
- A master-detail connection can also be used to link two objects together. A master-detail connection creates a tight connection between the parent and the child. The child record receives security of the parent, and if the parent is deleted, all associated child records will also be deleted. Master-detail connections created some extra functionality such as roll-up summary fields that allow you to calculate data on the parent from the children.
- A many-to-many connection (Also referred to as a junction object), allows you to create a relationship between two objects that need to model a many-to-many relationship. These are created with an object that has two master-detail interactions to two parent objects.
3. What is SOQL used for?
SOQL stands for Salesforce Object Query Language. It is very similar to the widely used language SQL (Structured Query Language), to query databases. SOQL is exactly designed for Salesforce data and is used to query the Salesforce platform to retrieve data. SOQL is used within Apex & Visualforce to yield sets of data.
4. What’s the difference between Salesforce.com & Force.com?
Salesforce.com is SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) product while Force.com is a PaaS product (Platform-as-a-Service). Salesforce.com has a selection of prepackaged clarifications such as the Sales & Service Cloud that are designed for a specific resolution. While Force.com tolerates you to build your own applications. Salesforce.com is built on the Force.com platform.
5. What options are available to you for deploying from a Sandbox to Production?
There are various ways to deploy from Sandbox to Invention. The main way is to use a Salesforce CRM feature called Change Sets. These allow you to package up gadgets and then deploying them to another Salesforce Org. There are various other procedures including ANT Migration Tool, Force.com IDE and Unmanaged packages.
6. How are bucket fields used in Salesforce?
Container fields can be used in Salesforce reports to group together field values. These fields are not created on the Salesforce platform and only exist in in the echo itself.
7. What is Apex?
Apex is a strongly typed, object-oriented programming (opps) language that allows developers to extend the Salesforce platform by text their own business logic into the platform. Apex looks similar to Java and can be launched through a variety of user-initiated events such as record updates, button clicks, causes on objects, or external web service requests.
[ Related Article - Importance of APEX in Salesforce ]
8. Can you customize Apex & Visualforce directly in a production org?
Apex cannot be customized in a production Org, it must be changed and deployed through a sandbox and meet test analysis. Visualforce, on the other hand, may be customized directly in production (Although this is not best practice)
9. What are the two options for when Apex Triggers can run?
Apex Activates can either run before a record has been saved of after. A before operation is usually used to verify information that is going to be implanted, and after activate is used to access data that has formerly been entered by a user or system.
10. When should Apex be used over Workflow rules or Process Builder?
There are various explanations why you should use Apex over declarative automation options:
- Workflow rules and Process Builder operations occasionally have feature limitations that can be overcome with Apex. For example, pulling information from an external system.
- When dealing with certain or large sets of data, Apex can be more effective than declarative options due to less limitations.
11. What are Governor Limits? Can you name 3 examples?
Salesforce runs on a multi-tenant environment which means resources (Storage, CPU, and Memory) are shared with other companies on the Salesforce platform. This means limits must be in place to ensure that all corporations using the Salesforce Architecture abide by certain rules and don’t let their code or processes monopolize shared resources. A few examples of Governor Limits are:
- Total number of records retrieved by a SOQL query – 50,000
- Total number of SOQL queries issued– 100 (Synchronous) 200 (Asynchronous)
- Total number of DML declarations issued – 150
- Total number of callouts (HTTP requests or Web services calls) in a operation– 100
- Determined CPU time on the Salesforce servers– 10,000ms (Synchronous) 60,000ms (Asynchronous)
12. What is Apex test coverage? What’s the minimum test coverage required to deploy?
To ensure that your code meets certain criterion, Apex Code coverage shows you how many executable lines of code in your classes and triggers have been implemented by test methods. Code coverage percentage is a calculation of the number of covered lines divided by the sum of the number of covered lines and uncovered lines. The minimum test coverage necessary to deploy to production is 75%
13. What are some Apex best practices?
- Bulkify your code
- Avoid SOQL Queries or DML statements inside FOR Loops
- Avoid Hardcoding IDs
- Use of the Limits Apex Methods to Avoid Defeat Governor Limits
- Querying Large Data Sets
- See full list…
14. What is an Apex Email Service?
You can use email services to process the substances, headers, and attachments of inbound emails. For example, you can create the email service it can repeatedly creates contact records based on contact information in messages.
15. What is a Static Resource?
This resource allows the end users to upload the content where you can reference in a visual Force page. This page includes content in different forms like images, Style sheets, Java Scripts and other files (.zip and .rar files).
16. What are the different type of Collections you can have in Apex?
There are three main types of collections.
- Lists – A list is an ordered collection of components that are notable by their indices. List elements can be of any data type—primitive types, collections, s Objects, user-defined types, and built-in Apex types.
- Sets – A set is an unordered collection of elements that do not contain any duplicates. Set elements can be of any data type—primitive types, collections, s Objects, user-defined types, and built-in Apex types.
- Maps – A map is a collection of key-value pair set where each unique key maps to a single value. Keys and values can be any data type—primitive types, collections, s Objects, user-defined types, and built-in Apex types.
17. What is Visualforce?
Visualforce is the component-based user interface outline for the Force.com platform. The structure includes a tag-based markup language, similar to HTML. Each Visualforce tag agrees to a coarse or fine-grained user interface component, such as a section of a page, or a field. Visualforce boasts about 100 built-in components and a mechanism whereby developers can create their own apparatuses.
18. What is the difference between a standard and custom controller?
Standard Controllers are made automatically for all standard pages. They provide you with all the functionality that a typical page contains, such as editing or saving a record.
Custom Controllers can be text by a developer to override the standard functionality that a standard controller provides on a Visualforce page.
19. Explain the use of an Outbound Message?
An outbound message is one automation function that can fire from a workflow instruction. They can send a message to external web services which can contain field ideals, this can subsequently kick off additional processes in external systems.
20. What is a Lightning Component?
The Lightning Component framework is a UI framework for developing vibrant web apps for mobile and desktop devices. It’s a modern framework for building single-page applications planned for growth. The framework supports separated multi-tier section development that bridges the client and server. It uses JavaScript on the client-sides & Apex on the server side.
[ Related Article - How Salesforce Lightning Editions came into existence? ]
21. Explain the differences between Workflow and Process Builder?
Workflows and the Process Builder are declarative mechanization tools that can be used to extend the Salesforce platforms functionality. Both have point and click functionality and have a variety of functionality and features to automate trade processes.
Workflow Rules – A mechanization tool that can evaluate an squabble, and kick off an automation function. These functions can include a field update, sending an email message, creating a task, or sending an outbound message. A workflow can only evaluate single criteria before it either triggers the automation or does not.
Process Builder – The process builder is a newer automation tool that has a wider variety of utilities. These include creating a record, updating child records, posting to conversation, launching a flow and more (See full list here). The process builder can evaluate several criteria and trigger different automation depending on the one met.
22. How are sharing rules used in Salesforce?
Sharing rules can be set up in order extend sharing, and to grant users access to a set of records depending on a defined criteria. A sharing rule can reset up to extend sharing to a profile, role or public group depending on either the owner of a record, or a field value. You can whichever assign Read-Only access to these particular users, or Read/Write access.
23. What is OAuth?
OAuth is an open-source for access share, mostly used as a way to impact websites or applications entree to their info on other websites, but without giving them the passwords.
24. Can you explain the use of custom settings?
Ritual sets are equivalent to custom objects and qualify application developers to create custom sets of data, as well as create and associate custom data for an organization, profile, or detailed user. You can use custom settings to store a variety of info that can be accessed easily by other Salesforce tools.
25. Explain the use of a roll-up summary field and where it can be used?
Roll-up instant fields can be used to calculate information based off of a parent records child records. While a principle field can calculate evidence within a single record, roll-up summary fields can calculate data from a set of child records. For example, a roll-up swift field could be used to calculate the total value of all closed won openings on an account. Roll-up summary fields can only be used on a master-detail correlation.
26. What’s the difference between Record Types & Page Layouts?
Whilst a page layout is used to define which fields, divisions and related lists are shown to a user, a record type can extend this by defining different business processes. See a full description of the differences here.
27. What is a Connected App?
A connected app integrates an application with Salesforce by APIs. Coupled apps use standard SAML and OAuth protocols to authenticate, provide single sign-on, and provide tokens for use with Salesforce APIs. In buildup to standard OAuth capabilities, linked apps allow Salesforce admins to set various security policies and have explicit control over who can use the analogous apps.
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28. What are External ID fields used for?
Assured fields can be defined as an external ID on an object. These can be used in order to match up data from outside systems with a unique reference ID. For example, if you need to match up data from an external accounting system to the Accounts in Salesforce, you can use an outside ID field to reference the Accounting systems unique ID in its place of the Salesforce ID.
29. Can you give an example of a Salesforce API and it’s usage?
Salesforce has a variety of API’s that let you interrelate with the system in different ways.
REST: - The REST API lets you enlarge with Force.com solicitations by simple way HTTP techniques in either XML or JSON set-ups, making this an idea API for developing mobile applications or external clients.
Bulk: - The Bulk API provides a programmatic access that lets you quickly load data into your Salesforce organization.
Streaming: - The Streaming API can be used to receive warnings for changes to Salesforce data that match a SOQL query you define. Streaming API is useful when you want notices to be pushed from the server to the client based on criteria that you define.
30. What is a use case for Salesforce Connect?
Salesforce Connect is a product that utilizes external objects. External objects allow you to integrate information into Salesforce in real-time, but without actually utilizing Salesforce storage limits. An illustrations of using Salesforce connect could be to integrate a large database that houses transaction history against an account. This history would be view-able and reportable in Salesforce, but without using the large amount of storage it would take to the household.
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