Nodejs has become one of the popular runtime environments in today's world for developing applications. In today's world, this JAVA script is ruling the website applications, this platform came into existence. Developers/designers say that This runtime environment was created and developed as an add-on to the Java Script. Today website development has a great demand in the IT market. And web designers were opting for this environment as a powerful tool in the IT industry. So today, I'm this article, I'm going to provide you with an overview of Node Js.
Table of Content:Why Node.js?What is Node.js?Who and When It was created?Why it is more popular?Where it is used?NodeJS architectureNodeJS application Execution FlowAdvantagesDisadvantages
Concepts
Components
FeaturesScopeSalary
Why Node.js?
Before Node, JavaScript is the only platform that is responsible to run the in the browser. But this Scripting language is inefficient in some of the cases as shown below:
a)JavaScript is incapable of producing the same output for all the browsers.
b)It is not efficient as other editors like C/C++ w.r.t debugging.
c)A single error in the website can stop rendering the whole application.
d)This scripting platform does not support multiple inheritances.
e) This scripting platform stores 64-bit floating-point number and operate on 32 -bit bitwise operands. And this conversion takes much time which causes the slowing down of the application.
So to overcome such opt Node JS over Java Script.
What is Node.js?
Node js is an open-source, cross-platform, and server environment. This platform enables users to run JavaScript on the server. JavaScript users make use of this Node.js environment, to deploy the language for scripting on the server-side. This platform also runs the script in order to generate dynamic content. This runtime environment suits best for running the server-side as well as the networking applications. Node.js uses the event-driven non-blocking I/O model. This model makes the framework Lightweight, efficient, perfect for the data-intensive applications across the distributed images. And this runtime environment provides a rich set of Javascript libraries and runtime environments to simplify the development of web applications. This runtime environment was built on top of the V8 JavaScript runtime.
This runtime environment is also responsible to build the back-end services. It does this by communicating with the client-side apps. These apps get and send data through the back-end service called API. This API acts as the intermediate to the programs so that they can communicate with each other. A web application and mobile application can hold the same API to store data, send emails, push notifications (or) initiate the workflows to the server. This powerful run time environment is leading for many websites (or) the projects like Netflix, Walmart, and Uber.
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[embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EAMZHHfRP4[/embed]
Who and when it was created?
In the year 2009, Rayan Dahi created the application as the initial release. This platform was created to support different operating systems like Linux, Mac Os. And later in the year 2011, this platform supports the Windows Operating system too.
Why it is more popular?
This language is widely popular due to its open-source large JavaScript-based ecosystem. Moreover, according to the recent survey, it is the most widely used runtime environment in developing apps. And also it is the JavaScript stands as the topmost Scripting language in developing apps. On the other hand, when it comes to the runtime environment, NodeJS stood first.
Where it is used?
NodeJs is useful for non-blocking event-driven servers. It is particularly used for traditional websites as well as the back-end application programming interface services. This platform suits best the real-time and the pushed back architectures.
Since we people have got a basic idea of NodeJs, let us move on to its architecture and its features.
Node js Architecture :
Every browser today has its own JAVA Script library. This library converts JavaScript into the code where the computer can understand. For instance, Microsoft edge uses Chakra, Firefox uses spider monkey and chrome uses V8. But with Node.js, we have an object that manipulates the file system by creating and deleting the folders, query database, and creates the web servers to create the data.
Get practical knowledge of architecture working at Nodejs Online Training Like the traditional model, this environment does not use the Request/ Response Multi-threaded stateless model. This environment uses the single-threaded with Event - loop model. This environment is based on the JavaScript event-based model with JavaScript Callback Mechanism. In order to know about the NodeJs Architecture, you people must have the basic knowledge on JavaScript Event baed model with JavaScript Callback Mechanism. And this Node JS architecture is capable of handling more and more concurrent requests easily. The single Threaded loop gets executes as shown below.
NodeJS Application Execution Flow:
a) The client sends the request to the webserver.
b)NodeJs web server internally maintains the limited thread pool in order to provide the services to the client request.
c)NodeJS Web Servers receives those request and places them in the Queue. This is known as the Event Queue.
d)NodeJs WebServer internally has the component known as the Event Loop
e)This event loop uses only a single thread. And it is the heart of the NodeJS processing model
f)This event loop checks any client request is placed in the queue. And if there is no wait, then it waits for the incoming request indefinitely.
g) If yes, pick up on more client requests from the Event Queue.
h) Starts the process that the client request
I)If the client does not require any blocking I/O operations, then process everything, prepares a response, and sends it back to the client.
And if the client requires some blocking I/O Operations, like interacting with the databases, File Systems, External services then it follows a different approach.
Since we people have got enough idea regarding the Node Js Architectures, let us have a glance through its advantages, Disadvantages as well as its features
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Advantages:
a)This is the simple language to learn for both the front-end as well as the back-end developers
b) This environment suits best in order to benefit from high-speed efficiency as well as performance.
c)This platform provides a developer-friendly environment, to select the design pattern as well as the architecture.
Disadvantages:
a)This environment also lacks consistency and depends on the API Changes.
b)This environment is not often compactable for back-end users.
c)Developers usually face some problems when they process the huge files
Different Concepts of NodeJS
There are various parts of NodeJS which we are going to discuss below.
Modules
The modules in Node.Js are similar to libraries in JavaScript useful within the Nodejs application to involve various sets of functions. To involve modules in this framework needs to use require()
function having the parentheses including the module name.
Moreover, there are a number of modules that exist within this platform. They also provide the general functionality need for a web app. The following are a few of the various modules.:-
Module - Description
assert - Offers a set of various assertion tests
domain - here, it is deprecated and useful for handling unmanaged errors.
events - manage various events
Https - involves classes, methods, etc. to make Nodejs app work as an HTTPS server
Url - contains methods to parse various strings of URL
Zlib - useful to decompress or compress different files
Util - it includes various utility functions useful for developers
Stream - this is useful in handling the streaming data of the platform.
Console
The console is a module type within this platform that offers a method of debugging. This module is similar to the JavaScript console from internet browsers. It helps in printing messages to the two parts- stdout & stderr.
Cluster
This is a concept built-on the single thread coding that allows multi-threading through building child processes. They share a similar server port and run in parallel.
Error handling
The application in the node-js faces four different types of errors. They are-
- System errors
- Standard JavaScript errors
- Assertions errors, &
- User-specific errors
Moreover, these are managed within this application through exceptions. For instance, when there is a number divided by “0”, it could crash the node.js application so it needs to handle. So, that this could continue with the general execution of the app.
Streaming
The term “streams” refers to the objects here that help users to read/write data regularly without interruption. These streams are available in four different types-
- Writable- To these types of streams we can write data.
- Readable - from this type of stream we can read the data.
- Duplex- This type of stream is useful for both activities- readable & writable.
- Transform - These streams help to modify data while being read or written.
Buffer
The buffer module enables the handling of streams that only include binary data.
Domain
The module domain stops the errors that remained unsolved. Here, internal binding and external binding are the two methods useful in intercepting errors.
Hence, these are a few concepts of the NodeJs platform that explain the different functions of modules. Using all these things the platform improves its functionality.
Express framework
The express framework within Nodejs app is a flexible web application framework. It also provides a range of features for developing web/mobile apps. Moreover, it is built on top of the Node.js framework that allows managing servers and routes.
The major features of this express framework include the following.:-
It is useful in designing and developing SPA, multi-page apps, and also hybrid web apps
Moreover, it enables developers to set up middleware functions to respond to the various HTTP requests.
Also, it allows dynamic translation of HTML pages on the basis of arguments that pass to various templates.
Components of NodeJs
There are different types of components of the Nodejs platform that help in develop, test and deploy enterprise apps.
- CLI-Command line Interface
- NPM
- Package.json
- Node Modules
- Development tools & frameworks
CLI
The node CLI-Command Line Interface is useful in this platform to run basic commands along with script files. This a default component of NodeJs that comes along with its installation. Hence, we do not require any additional configuration set up for this.
NPM
The term NPM refers to Node Package Manager useful in installing, update, uninstall, and configure modules or packages of this platform. Using this component we can upgrade our NodeJs platform with modules we need.
Package.json
This is a type of plain text file in JSON format useful in managing application that requires module dependencies. Moreover, we can place this file under the root folder of the platform. Also, it defines the information such as app name, module versions, and dependencies, etc.
Node Modules
We know that NodeJs is a modular platform as we saw above the various modules that work for each functionality. Besides, the common modules are npm, install, uninstall, and update. Rest others are third-party modules under this platform.
Development tools and frameworks
To reduce the overhead of NodeJs apps and make them easy to use, many companies have developed tools and frameworks. Some of these tools and frameworks are as follows-
Eclipse with Node.js plugins, Cloud9 IDE, Grunt, Mongoose, Gulp, passport.js, bower, Jade, EJS, etc.
All these tools and frameworks belong to different categories and help the platform to scale and improve.
Features:
Extremely Fast: NodeJs is built on the Google Chrome V8 Engine. Hence its library is fast in its execution.
Single-Threaded: This environment follows the single thread model with event looping
High Scalable: This environment is highly scalable. This is because this mechanism helps the server to respond in a non-blocking way.
No buffering: It reduces the overall processing time. while uploading the audio as well as the video files. Moreover, this platform does not buffer any data. And these applications simply output the data in the form of chunks.
Open source: It is an open-source community that has produced excellent modules to add additional capabilities to the Node Js applications.
License: It is licensed under the MIT License.
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Scope:
As mentioned above, this environment has a great scope in developing applications for both the web as well as mobile. And the employers will earn high salaries in this field w.r.t to other areas in the IT field. Moreover, many designers say it is the best environment in order to develop the application on the client-side. Moreover, according to job portals, it is one of the highest paying jobs in the IT industry.
Salary:
According to the recent survey conducted in the year 2020, the average salary of the nodejs Developers is 573 K INR and it will be around 1M when you are designated as the Senior Software developer. And it would be much more when you clear the certifications.
Hence likewise, there are many features of Node Js. As said earlier, this is the best environment for developing user-friendly applications for many UI designers across the globe. And you people can get the practical knowledge of this environment from live experts through online at Nodejs Course